Buddhists who follow Theravada tradition often fast on Uposatha Days (full moon, new moon, half moon), or when they are having a retreat in monasteries.
The world is facing a food shortage problem, as a result of poor harvest and the use of biofuels to replace crude oil. Perhaps Buddhists should fast more often now.
Of course, we can only slightly reduce our food consumption if we fast a few days a month, but we can raise awareness in wider society. Many people have been too wasteful during good times.
Please also read a related post in my other blog.